Post-Denominational Celtic Christianity
Gregory M.A. Gronbacher is a post-denominational Celtic Christian and a member of the Iona Community at Iona Abbey in Scotland.
His spiritual formation also draws from Catholic and Quaker traditions. He is equally at home at Mass or in Meeting for Worship, finding in both sacramental practice and shared silence complementary expressions of Christian practice. These traditions have shaped his attentiveness to philosophical theology, sacramental participation, simplicity, and the inward movement of the Spirit.
Gregory’s theological outlook has been further informed by Progressive Christianity, particularly its methods of critical engagement, historical awareness, and openness to contemporary questions of meaning. Rather than abandoning tradition, this approach has encouraged him to re-articulate Christian faith in ways that remain intellectually honest, spiritually grounded, and existentially meaningful.
He is a founding member of the Anam Cara Community, an intentional Christian community rooted in the practice of soul-friendship and shared spiritual life. He is also the author of A Theology of Meaning, an ongoing theological project that seeks to express Christian insights and wisdom through its existential significance—addressing the modern search for meaning while honoring the depth and wisdom of the Christian tradition.
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Spirituality, in the context of a simple Christian framework for the post-secular age, refers to the human arena of meaning, purpose, normativity, and the quest for individuation.
It is not about spirits, ghosts, magic, or supernatural phenomena, but rather the interior and communal dimensions of human existence that seek to answer life’s ultimate questions: Why are we here? How should we live? Who are we becoming?
In a post-secular world, where secular rationalism coexists with resurgent spiritual curiosity, this understanding of spirituality offers a grounded yet transcendent approach to navigating the complexities of modern life.
Meaning and purpose lie at the heart of spirituality, addressing the human longing to find significance in existence.
For Christians, this is rooted in the belief that life is a divine gift imbued with sacred intention.
The narrative of Jesus’s life, death, and resurrection provides a framework for understanding suffering, hope, and redemption, offering a purpose that transcends material success—namely, to love God and neighbor (Mark 12:30-31).
Spirituality becomes a journey of discovering how one’s life fits into this larger story, finding meaning through a relationship with the divine and others.
Normativity in spirituality concerns the ethical and moral dimensions of living well. It asks, “What ought we to do?” Christian spirituality draws on Jesus’s teachings, such as the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 5-7), to guide behavior with principles like love, justice, and humility. In a post-secular age, where moral relativism often prevails, this normative aspect serves as a compass for discerning right action, not through rigid legalism, but through a love-centered ethic that affirms human dignity and fosters communal flourishing.
The quest for individuation—becoming one’s true self—is also central to spirituality. In Christian terms, this means growing into the person you were created to be, a unique reflection of divine love.
Drawing on Carl Jung's psychological insights, individuation involves integrating one’s identity, values, and purpose —a process Christians view as guided by the Spirit.
This quest counters modernity's alienation in a post-secular context, offering a path to wholeness through integrity, self-reflection, and community.
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Christian spirituality in a post-secular age must center on mystery, gratitude, mindfulness, and love, while avoiding superstition, magical thinking, wishful thinking, and transactional spirituality.
This approach ensures a spirituality that is authentic, grounded, and resonant with modern sensibilities, focusing on relational depth rather than mechanistic or fantastical distortions of the divine.
Mystery invites Christians to embrace the unknowable aspects of existence. Rather than seeking to explain every divine act, such as the mechanics of the resurrection, spirituality should foster a deeper understanding of meaning.
Gratitude grounds this mystery in daily life, encouraging us to express thanks for the world and its beauty. Naming daily blessings— such as health, relationships, and nature—cultivates a posture of humility.
Mindfulness calls Christians to be fully present, reflecting Jesus' attentiveness to the moment, as seen in his observation of the widow’s offering (Mark 12:41-44). This counters the distractions of a hyper-digital age, encouraging practices like silent prayer to center the soul.
Love, the cornerstone of Christian spirituality, manifests as kenotic, self-giving love, exemplified in Jesus' life and death. It prioritizes human dignity, urging us to serve the marginalized, as in the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37).
However, Christian spirituality must avoid pitfalls that distort its essence.
Superstition, such as believing a specific prayer guarantees outcomes, reduces spirituality to irrational actions and expectations.
Magical thinking, such as assuming God manipulates events through rituals, undermines the divine mystery, as seen in prosperity gospel claims that equate faith with wealth and material prosperity.
Wish projection occurs when spirituality becomes a projection of personal desires, such as assuming God endorses one’s biases, rather than seeking God’s will through discernment and reflection.
Transactional spirituality treats faith as a bargain: “I do X, and God does Y.”
By focusing on mystery, gratitude, mindfulness, and love, Christian spirituality remains a transformative force. It avoids distortions that alienate post-secular seekers. It becomes a faith of depth and authenticity, rooted in relationship, not manipulation.
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Christian spirituality entails following Jesus along a path of kenotic love, self-mastery, inner transformation, and social change, rooted in a theology of participation and meaning.
Kenotic love—bearing the cross with integrity, dying to self through genuine love, and resisting abusive empires—unlocks the meaning of life.
Metanoia, the Greek term for transformation, drives this journey, fostering an ongoing process of becoming fully human.
This involves orienting oneself toward love, engaging with the cross and open table symbols, internalizing the meaning of parables, and embracing the mythic narrative of scripture, all of which fuel personal growth.
Metanoia awakens the need for change, inspiring a turn toward goodness and pursuits worthy of dignity, motivating kenotic self-giving.
The Christian concept of logos as divinity affirms the meaning of life, with Jesus teaching that kenosis—self-giving—reveals our purpose. Wholeness emerges when we dedicate ourselves to values that renew us, as seen in the parable of the grain of wheat (John 12:24).
Kenosis, a self-giving process, does not leave us depleted; each act returns us renewed, deepening our subjectivity. This autonomy to choose our giving shapes our restored state, reflecting Jesus’ transformative call.
“The call for authentic value in response to adequate needs addresses itself to us in a sovereign yet non-intrusive, sober manner. It appeals to our spiritual center. In a certain sense, this call is intimate and personal, one in which I experience my uniqueness.”
– Dietrich von Hildebrand
We are quite capable of squandering the gift of self–offering our lives to things not worthy of our dignity and value. In such cases, we become scattered or are recollected in a diminished state.
Humans create their future character through action—what we do and give ourselves to influences what we become and the type of person who emerges over time. Continued self-giving to selfish pursuits can lead to the development of a narcissistic person and establish a self-centered character.
Conversely, let us dedicate ourselves to things of value that are worthy of our dignity. We experience recollection, the regathering of self in a more full and unified manner—continued giving of self to goodness and virtue results in those goods improving us as persons, refining our character, and making us more like Jesus.
Given that we do not possess our fullness at any one time, being extended through time, our lives and character formation are dynamic.
Kenosis and recollection build on one another. Our moral choices influence not only our future character but also our future moral choices.
Therefore, at the heart of our transformation in Jesus is the cross, an archetypal symbol of self-donation and self-emptying motivated by and for the sake of love.
This process of inward formation points toward eudaimonia – the Greek term for wholeness or thriving.
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In the Celtic imagination, the world came to be and was sustained in being by the Oran Mor, the great song – a divine symphony that infused all of nature.
For eons, the Celtic spiritual imagination has been attuned to the Oran Mor in the turning of the seasons, the blooming of the fields, the harvesting of crops, and the patterns of the sun, moon, and stars.
The great song is equally heard and amplified in friendships, romance, family, and acts of loving kindness. In this sense, Oran Mor symbolizes the creative, sustaining power(s) of the divine infused within the world. It is part of the broader immanent vision that led the Celts to deem nature and all life sacred.
For this reason, Celtic Christianity strongly emphasized ag éisteacht (listening). However, this sense of listening also implies observation or the development of feasacht (spiritual awareness). Celtic Christianity calls for listening to the world and one’s life to discern the Divine voice and presence.
Therefore, two foundational aspects of Celtic spirituality are cultivating ciúnas (silence) and simplíocht (simplicity), which aim to eliminate distractions and calm the mind and soul, allowing one to attune to the divine rhythms and patterns at work in the world.
Think of this approach as a kind of Christian Zen. It also strongly resonates with Benedictine spirituality. One must clear space in one's life to focus on hearing the Oran Mor, as Elijah did when he looked beyond the distractions and listened to the still, small voice on the mountainside.
Another implication of Oran Mor is sacraiminteacht (sacramentality). Nature and our lives are infused with divine, creative, life-giving power, conveying God's presence. Awareness of the divine and the ordinary world is a hallmark of Celtic spirituality. Columba said, ‘If you wish to understand the Creator, first understand his creation.’
Also implied here is idirnasctha (interconnectedness)—our lives are interwoven with the lives of others and the ecosystem we call home. We are part of the world, not temporary visitors.
In all these senses, Oran Mor fosters a spirituality of simplicity and mindfulness, as well as a deep reverence for nature and all life. Let’s explore how this spirituality could be applied to Christianity.
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The Celtic notion of Oran Mor shares fascinating parallels with the Greek concept of Logos, particularly when Logos is understood as meaning and order.
While distinct in their cultural contexts, both concepts point to a fundamental principle that underlies reality, suggesting a more profound harmony and interconnectedness within the universe.
The Oran Mor is not simply a beautiful melody; it represents the inherent order and harmony woven into the fabric of existence, a cosmic symphony that can be heard by those attuned to it.
This resonates with the ancient Greek understanding of Logos as the rational principle that governs the universe. Logos implies a divine intelligence or reason that gives structure and meaning to the cosmos, a force that brings order out of chaos.
Furthermore, both concepts suggest that this underlying order is not something separate from the world but immanent within it.
Therefore, the Oran Mór and Logos point to a universe that is not random or chaotic but imbued with meaning and order. This reality can be understood and experienced through careful attention and contemplation.
If Oran Mor represents the underlying harmony and divine order of creation, then Jesus embodies this principle in Christian theology.
He is presented as the Logos, the Word made flesh, expressing God's creative and sustaining power.
Furthermore, Jesus doesn't just embody the Oran Mor; he also sings it. His teachings, parables, and prayers can be understood as lyrics to this divine song. They reveal the rhythm of grace and the melody of love that holds the world together.
Therefore, following Jesus is not simply about believing a set of doctrines, but about learning the dance of the Oran Mor. It is moving in rhythm with the divine melody, living a life that reflects the harmony and love that Jesus embodies.
This dance involves letting go of our discordant notes of selfishness, fear, and division and embracing the harmony of love, forgiveness, and compassion. It's a dance of surrender, yielding to the divine rhythm that flows through all creation.
It's a dance of joy, celebrating the love that unites us. This sense of love informs our second central notion from Celtic spirituality.
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The Irish proverb, "Ar scáth a chéile a mhaireann na daoine," translates roughly as "In the shelter of each other the people live."
This simple phrase carries a profound meaning, underscoring the role others play in our well-being and thriving. We are inherently social-natured. We are born into and for community and find our meaning in relationships.
Celtic Christianity strongly emphasized the importance of friendship and community in the spiritual life. The Christian life is not solitary but shared and cultivated with others in the community.
Sharing food and drink, and gathering around the table, was a powerful sacramental experience for early Celtic Christians. Each meal recalled Jesus's open-table ministry and the early Christian ritual of the Eucharist.
The Irish tradition of cosmhaíocht (companionship on the journey) offers additional insight. Cosmhaíocht emphasizes walking alongside others rather than dictating the path ahead.
This spirit of accompaniment reminds us that friendship’s role is not to control or impose our beliefs but to be open to a willingness to journey alongside individuals, offering support and encouragement as they live freely.
A related Celtic Christian concept is anam cara, meaning "soul friend."
Further, to live in and foster an authentic community, one must cultivate two virtues: infhaighteacht (availability) and fáilteachais (hospitality).
Availability, an often-neglected virtue, implies a hospitality of self and a willingness to listen attentively, creating a space where individuals feel safe sharing their authentic selves as they seek meaning in their lives.
Likewise, availability means being generous with our time, attention, and resources.
Availability, in turn, promotes hospitality, which is understood here as a spirit of welcoming and belonging.
All in all, simple living, following the way of Oran Mor (which for Christians means following Jesus), and offering hospitality and availability to others in everyday life are at the heart of Celtic Christian spirituality.
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Simplicity, as a spiritual discipline in the tradition of Celtic Christianity is not about austerity or deprivation but about embracing what is essential to foster a life of purpose and connection with sacred rhythms and realities.
Far from mere lack, simplicity is a deliberate choice to clear away distractions, creating space for presence, gratitude, and spiritual depth.
This discipline invites modern seekers to cultivate simplicity in their homes, routines, and schedules, as well as their social, emotional, and spiritual lives, transforming daily existence into a sacred practice.
Simplicity of Home begins with creating an environment that nurtures peace. Celtic monks lived in harmony with their surroundings, which translates to decluttering spaces today. Keeping only items that spark joy or serve a purpose.
A simple home with minimal furnishings and natural elements fosters calm and focus. It’s a sanctuary where one can pray or reflect without the weight of excess possessions.
Routine and Schedule benefit from intentional curation. The Celtic monastic day followed a rhythm of prayer, work, and rest, a model for today’s busy lives.
Simplifying schedules means prioritizing meaningful tasks—work, family, self-care—while limiting overcommitments. This creates a predictable flow, reducing stress and opening moments for mindfulness.
Social Life thrives when simplified to prioritize deep connections. Valued soul friendship (anamchara) and modern simplicity encourage nurturing a few authentic relationships over sprawling, shallow networks.
Choosing quality time with close friends or family—shared walks, unhurried conversations—over social media scrolling or crowded events foster intimacy and mutual support, reflecting the Celtic emphasis on community.
Emotional Life finds clarity through simplicity by letting go of grudges, envy, or unnecessary drama. Celtic spirituality embraced humility and forgiveness, guiding practitioners to release emotional clutter through practices like journaling or prayer. This creates inner room for love, gratitude, and resilience to flourish, even in challenging times.
Spiritual Routine anchors simplicity with regular, uncluttered practices. Such a spiritual routine might include morning meditation, scripture reading, or a walk with intentional gratitude.
The goal is to weave sacred moments into ordinary days, cultivating a constant awareness of divine presence.
Simplicity as a spiritual discipline liberates us from the chaos of modern life, offering a path to joy, purpose, and a deeper connection with the divine.
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As a spiritual discipline, silence fosters mindfulness by creating space to encounter the Divine presence and achieve some level of inner stillness and clarity.
In a world bombarded by noise—digital notifications, urban clamor, and constant chatter—silence offers a sacred pause, sharpening awareness of the moment and a deepening connection with the divine.
Celtic monks understood silence as a gateway to contemplation, where the soul listens for the divine whisper amid creation’s rhythms.
Today, this discipline invites ordinary people to cultivate silence through practical steps, reclaiming stillness as a path to spiritual renewal.
Reducing distractions is the first step toward embracing silence. This means intentionally curating one’s environment to minimize sensory overload.
Turning off notifications on devices and setting specific times to check emails or social media prevents the constant ping of technology from fragmenting attention.
These choices echo the Celtic preference for simplicity fosters a mindful focus on the present.
Practical habits further anchor silence in daily life. Turning off the ringer on your phone, even for short periods, signals a commitment to uninterrupted reflection.
Keeping the television off, especially during meals or mornings, allows natural sounds—birds, wind, or breath—to emerge.
Similarly, resisting the urge to fill every moment with radio, music, or podcasts while driving or working invites inner quiet.
A commuter might drive in silence to pray or reflect; a worker could pause headphones during a break to center themselves.
These acts cultivate an inner stillness, opening the heart to divine insight.
Limiting random interruptions from others is equally vital.
Celtic monks sought solitude in remote hermitages to protect their contemplative space, and today, this translates to setting boundaries. Politely communicating availability—designating “do not disturb” hours for work or prayer—helps preserve silence. A professional might close their office door during a focused task; a family could agree on quiet evenings for reading or meditation.
These boundaries, rooted in respect for one’s spiritual needs, create a rhythm where silence can flourish.
By integrating these practices, silence becomes a transformative discipline, fostering mindfulness and spiritual depth. It allows individuals to hear the Divine voice in the ordinary, reviving the Celtic monastic ideal of finding the sacred in stillness.
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A life dedicated to service and the Works of Mercy is a cornerstone of a simple Christian spirituality. It embodies the Way of Jesus through active love and justice.
The Works of Mercy—both corporal and spiritual—provide a framework for living out kenotic love, affirming human dignity in a world often marked by alienation and indifference.
In a post-secular context, where spiritual seeking coexists with skepticism of institutional religion, such a life of service offers a tangible witness to the transformative power of love.
The corporal Works of Mercy—feeding the hungry, giving drink to the thirsty, clothing the naked, sheltering the homeless, visiting the sick, ransoming the captive, and burying the dead—address physical needs, reflecting compassion for the marginalized. Volunteering at a food bank, helping at a homeless shelter, or visiting the elderly directly engages these works, grounding spirituality in concrete acts of care. The spiritual Works of Mercy—instructing the ignorant, counseling the doubtful, admonishing sinners, patiently bearing wrongs, forgiving offenses, comforting the afflicted, and praying for the living and dead—nurture the soul.
The traditional Corporal and Spiritual Works of Mercy provide a timeless framework for Christian service; however, the complexities of the modern world necessitate a reimagined approach, grounded in compassion and justice.
New works of mercy should be imagined, such as befriending the lonely, promoting animal welfare, drawing in the marginalized, embracing simplicity, healing political polarization, and resisting transhumanism.
Service through all of the Works of Mercy is an act of resistance against a post-secular culture that often prioritizes individualism and consumerism.
Ultimately, a spirituality centered on the Works of Mercy ensures that Christianity remains a lived faith, speaking authentically to a postsecular world through actions that embody mercy and love.
Personal Theological Affirmations
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We affirm that to employ the term ‘God’ (in the Christian sense) is to say that we perceive a connection between the marvels of the natural world, the moral law, the life of Jesus, the depths of the human personality, our intimations about time, death and eternity, our experience of human forgiveness and love, and the finest insights of the Christian tradition intuitively. To deny the existence of ‘God’ is to say that we cannot (yet) see such connections.
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We affirm that following the path and teachings of Jesus can lead to healing and wholeness, a mystical connection to the Divine, and an awareness and experience of the oneness and interconnectedness of all life.
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We affirm the Holy Spirit as the divine presence, power, and love at work in the world, in all relationships, and within the depths of human consciousness and subjectivity. The Spirit moves through creation and human experience, guiding, renewing, and uniting all in the new order of love.
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We affirm the scriptures as the inspired insights of our spiritual ancestors and are the product of the voices and histories of human authors. It is not inerrant, infallible, or to be read literally. Through its diverse writings, scripture narrates the unfolding of God’s Kingdom—a vision of justice, mercy, and reconciliation enacted within human history. Its authority lies not in infallible words, but in its capacity to call us into meaningful participation in that ongoing story.
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We affirm that the Church comprises all the people of God, the body of Christ made visible. It transcends all denominations and traditions. The Church is inclusive of all who seek to follow Jesus’ example and teachings, living in love and practicing Jesus’ works of mercy.
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We affirm the narrative of scripture and the wisdom of the broad Christian tradition as paradigmatic for religious and moral life. This wisdom must be interpreted through reason, informed by science and the best of human learning, and confirmed in human experience. Such wisdom guides us in seeking truth that is further clarified by the integrity of personal conscience and the wisdom of communal discernment.
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We affirm that salvation is the fullness of life that God intends for all—the experience of human flourishing, wholeness, and fulfillment in this world. Salvation is found by following and conforming one’s life to the way and teachings of Jesus. We hold out hope that this divine wholeness continues beyond death in ways we cannot fully know, yet remain grounded in the eternal nature of love.
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We affirm creation itself as sacramental—revealing the presence of the divine power in all that is. We honor the seven ancient sacraments as enduring signs through which human life finds meaning, renewal, and communion with the sacred and one another. We understand baptism as the sign and act of entering the new covenant and its community, and we hold the Eucharist as central to our gatherings and celebrations. We affirm the priestly and prophetic calling of all who follow Jesus and recognize that all may participate fully in the sacramental life of the community.
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We affirm that how we live and treat others are the fullest and most meaningful expressions of our spiritual and personal beliefs. We support the harmony of belief and action, understanding that faith is demonstrated through compassion, justice, and service. In the spirit of the parable of the sheep and the goats in Matthew 25, we acknowledge the importance of love and mercy over theological knowledge and reject all forms of fundamentalism, legalism, and self-righteousness.
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We welcome all who seek to follow Jesus and all who are committed to the mutual support and well-being of others. We embrace all people of goodwill within our communities, recognizing in each the image of God and the call to live in love, justice, and peace.
Not That Kind of Christian
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The wider culture will not be drawn to Christianity through spectacle, nostalgia, or argument. It will pay attention only when the Church speaks clearly to the human search for meaning.
In an age that prizes distraction over depth, we must become once again guides toward significance—a community where life is interpreted rather than escaped.
When Christianity recovers its vocation to interpret existence, it becomes compelling again.
Theology that stays in the clouds of abstraction dries into dust. It may interest scholars, but it feeds no one.
People are not yearning for fantasy, visions, or slogans; they are searching for coherence—a sense that their lives matter and that love endures.
When Christianity demonstrates that its message encompasses these things, it will no longer need to demand attention. Meaning itself will do the convincing.
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Followers of Jesus are called to an active engagement with Christian teaching and practice while interpreting and integrating that wisdom through personal experience, conscience, and contemporary knowledge.
A mature spirituality does not regard theology as a set of propositional statements to be accepted uncritically.
It recognizes that authentic Christian spirituality is not merely adherence to external rules but an active, ongoing journey of understanding and transformation through encounter with sacrament, scripture, and tradition.
Each individual is expected to bring their unique experiences, struggles, and insights to bear on how they interpret and live out the Gospels, rather than defer in a simplistic, uncritical acceptance of theological teachings.
We seek to integrate the best of science and human learning into our theology and spirituality.
Therefore, we reject literalism, legalism, and fundamentalist approaches to Christian living and theology.
This integrative stance protects against both rigid legalism and relativistic individualism.
By holding theology, personal conscience, and modern knowledge in creative tension, Anam Cara models a vibrant Christian identity that is faithful, relevant, and deeply human.
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Too often, Christianity is associated with judgmentalism, magical thinking, moralism, and stale traditions. Anam Cara Christian spirituality isn't about any of that.
It's not heaven-focused or sin-obsessed. It doesn’t believe in simplistic, Santa-like versions of God, or the idea that anyone had to die for someone else to be whole.
It’s about humility, not superiority. It's a call to love and serve, not judge. It's about compassion, kindness, and human dignity—a path of meaning, not magic.
It focuses on a Jesus who cared about people flourishing, especially the lowly and the marginalized, and creating a world based on love.
A humble Christian values simplicity as a defining characteristic across all aspects of life, including ritual, spiritual practice, and theology.
This simplicity is not mere minimalism but an intentional focus on essentials, allowing space for authenticity, contemplation, and deep connection with the divine.
Simplicity fosters accessibility and participation, inviting believers into an embodied experience of the sacred rather than elaborate ceremony.
Symbols and sacramentals are an appreciated part of spirituality. However, Anam Cara engages in such things non-superstitiously, refusing to treat them as if they were invested with magical powers.
Instead, it strives for spiritual realism, focusing on love and simplicity. Its touchstones are silence, contemplation, the Eucharist, love of neighbor, and simple rituals.
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Who hasn’t encountered Christians who presume to tell others exactly what true Christianity teaches and then require obedience to and conformity with such?
Such attitudes tend to be accompanied by efforts to exclude and harass those who don’t align with the perceived correct theology or set of practices.
The problem with those who make up the theology police is that they are often fixated on limited explanations of mysteries. There is a fetishization of certain teachings, thinkers, particular periods of church history, styles of worship, and manners of explication.
Reading a few magazine articles, watching EWTN, belonging to a prayer group, and occasionally picking up the Bible or the Catechism do not make one a theologian.
Exclusion, rejection, and a lack of charity are not a Christian response to those with whom we disagree.
We don’t begrudge anyone expressing their style of Christianity, but we resist anyone who claims their style is required and attempts to thrust it on others.
Those who position themselves as the enforcers of religious and spiritual purity would do well to revisit the gospels. In the narratives, their counterparts are not the beloved disciples but the Pharisees.
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Any form of genuine Christianity must be grounded in mercy, reconciliation, love, and compassion.
Moral legalism, often mistaken for fidelity to truth, distorts truth and love.
Legalism is defined as overemphasizing conformity to rules at the expense of context or compassion. It reduces moral truth to a sterile code and love to mere compliance.
Legalism is neither truth’s fullness nor love’s transformative power—it’s simply a hollow rigor.
Mercy, by contrast, holds truth and love together, neither relativistically lax nor legalistically cruel. It judges sin but redeems sinners —a balance that legalism cannot strike.
Truth and love, thus inseparable, frame mercy as their synthesis. Truth without love ossifies; love without truth drifts. Together, they ensure that mercy upholds reality while extending grace —a balance that relativism cannot claim.
Mercy, then, is an aspect of truth’s telos—its end and perfection. It neither bends reality nor bows to whim but crowns truth with grace, fulfilling its promise of life (John 10:10).
Essential Reading List
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If The Church Were Christian
Philip GulleySolus Jesus
Swan & WilsonJesus: A Revolutionary Biography
John Dominic CrossanReading the Bible Again for the First Time
Marcus BorgBeyond The Passion
Stephen J. PatersonHow to Read the Bible and Still Be a Christian
John Dominic CrossanThe Rise of Christianity
Rodney StarkToward a Truly Catholic Church
Thomas Rausch, SJ -
The Sermon on the Mount
Amy Jill-LevineDominion
Tom HollandThe Experience of God
David Bentley HartGod & Empire
John Dominic CrossanWhat Is a Person?
Christian SmithNon-Violent Atonement
Denny WeaverThe Works of Mercy
Mark SheaThe Underground Church
Robin Meyers